The SEC also provides information through Investor. It provides basic education, such as how the markets work, asset allocation, and a review of the different retirement plans. It has a section on "How to Select a Broker. The FDIC also examines and supervises about 5, banks, more than half of the total system. The FDIC steps in when a bank fails.
It sells the bank to another bank and transfers the depositors to the purchasing bank. The transition is seamless from the customer's point of view.
Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum. History News Network. Federal Reserve History. History Learning Site. National Park Service. W University Libraries, University of Washington. Farm Credit Administration. Freedom School. The University of Chicago Press Journals.
National Archives. Department of Economics, Iowa State University. Securities and Exchange Commission. Justice Information Sharing. National Labor Relations Board. The Fair Housing Center. Internet Archive Wayback Machine.
Digital Public Library of America. Miller Center, University of Virginia. Roosevelt: Domestic Affairs. Department of Labor. Seeking Alpha. Sacred Heart University. Bureau of Economic Analysis. Treasury Direct. Roosevelt Forward. Consortium News. National Bureau of Economic Research. Business Cycle Expansions and Contractions. Office of Management and Budget. Accessed May 9, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Office of the Historian. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. States to Institute a Minimum Wage Increase in Department of Health and Human Services. Securities and Exchange Commission, Investor. Federal Deposit Insurance. Actively scan device characteristics for identification. Use precise geolocation data. Select personalised content.
Create a personalised content profile. Unemployment persisted, the economy remained unstable, farmers continued to struggle in the Dust Bowl and people grew angrier and more desperate. So, in the spring of , Roosevelt launched a second, more aggressive series of federal programs, sometimes called the Second New Deal.
The WPA also gave work to artists, writers, theater directors and musicians. In July , the National Labor Relations Act , also known as the Wagner Act, created the National Labor Relations Board to supervise union elections and prevent businesses from treating their workers unfairly.
In August, FDR signed the Social Security Act of , which guaranteed pensions to millions of Americans, set up a system of unemployment insurance and stipulated that the federal government would help care for dependent children and the disabled. This FDR had come a long way from his earlier repudiation of class-based politics and was promising a much more aggressive fight against the people who were profiting from the Depression-era troubles of ordinary Americans.
He won the election by a landslide. Still, the Great Depression dragged on. Workers grew more militant: In December , for example, the United Auto Workers strike at a GM plant in Flint, Michigan lasted for 44 days and spread to some , autoworkers in 35 cities. By , to the dismay of most corporate leaders, some 8 million workers had joined unions and were loudly demanding their rights.
Meanwhile, the New Deal itself confronted one political setback after another. Arguing that they represented an unconstitutional extension of federal authority, the conservative majority on the Supreme Court had already invalidated reform initiatives like the National Recovery Administration and the Agricultural Adjustment Administration.
That same year, the economy slipped back into a recession when the government reduced its stimulus spending. Despite this seeming vindication of New Deal policies, increasing anti-Roosevelt sentiment made it difficult for him to enact any new programs. The war effort stimulated American industry and, as a result, effectively ended the Great Depression. They created a brand-new, if tenuous, political coalition that included white working people, African Americans and left-wing intellectuals.
More women entered the workforce as Roosevelt expanded the number of secretarial roles in government. These groups rarely shared the same interests—at least, they rarely thought they did— but they did share a powerful belief that an interventionist government was good for their families, the economy and the nation.
Their coalition has splintered over time, but many of the New Deal programs that bound them together—Social Security, unemployment insurance and federal agricultural subsidies, for instance—are still with us today.
Start your free trial today. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Besides programs built to directly help those affected by the Great Depression, the New Deal included legislation intended to correct the situations that led to the stock market crash of The following are the top 10 programs of the New Deal. This work relief program had the desired effect, providing jobs for many thousands of Americans during the Great Depression.
The CCC was responsible for building many public works projects and created structures and trails in parks across the nation that are still in use today. The Civil Works Administration was also formed in to create jobs for the unemployed.
Its focus on high-paying jobs in the construction sector resulted in a much greater expense to the federal government than originally anticipated. The CWA ended in in large part because of opposition to its cost. A large number of unemployed workers combined with the banking crisis resulted in a situation in which banks recalled loans and people lost their houses. The FHA was designed to regulate mortgages and housing conditions; today, it still plays a major role in the financing of houses for Americans.
The Federal Security Agency, established in , was responsible for oversight of several important government entities. Until it was abolished in , it oversaw Social Security, federal education funding, and the Food and Drug Administration, which was created in with the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act.
The Home Owners' Loan Corporation was created in to assist in the refinancing of homes. The housing crisis created a great many foreclosures, and FDR hoped this new agency would stem the tide. In fact, between and , 1 million people received long-term, low-interest loans through the agency, which saved their homes from foreclosure.
The National Industrial Recovery Act was designed to bring together the interests of working-class Americans and businesses. Through hearings and government intervention, the hope was to balance the needs of all involved in the economy. The court ruled that the NIRA violated the separation of powers.
The Public Works Administration was a program created to provide economic stimulus and jobs during the Great Depression. The PWA was designed to create public works projects and continued until the U. It ended in The Social Security Act of was designed to combat widespread poverty among senior citizens and to aid the disabled. The government program, one of the few parts of the New Deal still in existence, provides income to retired wage earners and the disabled who have paid into the program throughout their working lives via a payroll deduction.
The program has become one of the most popular government programs ever and is funded by current wage earners and their employers. The Social Security Act evolved from the Townsend Plan, an effort to establish government-funded pensions for the elderly led by Dr. Francis Townsend. The Tennessee Valley Authority was established in to develop the economy in the Tennessee Valley region, which had been hit extremely hard by the Great Depression.
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